Who Invented Exams? Know the Origin and History of the Examination

Introduction

Examination plays a central role in the education system in the collection of data or information gathered provides a huge benefit towards making a stake decision. Describing the history of public examinations, initiated in eastern Asia with China’s imperial examination system in Europe schools and universities more recently, examinations have been spread throughout the world. An assessment of understanding of key learning can help in garnering the actual functioning and practices of knowledge in a real-time world. Secondly, it provided a reminder to the policymakers about the successful and unsuccessful reforms in the curriculum, and thirdly it determines the examination apparently influences the teaching and learning both at the same time.

Within the classroom teachers and students are the main actors, and how their actions can directly influence the content sources generated from the curriculum could be either positive or negative which has to be estimated by exploring the origin, and nature of exams. 

Who Invented Exams

In the 19th century, the idea of exams was first demonstrated by Henry Fischel who was a businessman and philanthropist and created an assessment to indicate students’ overall knowledge in a subject matter and to test their ability or acquired knowledge. Henry Fischel tested the idea of examination in two main aspects, exterior and interior testing. He postulates “these sorts of assessments would actually test how much students are familiar with what they have been taught and to guess how they interpret and connect the different scenarios. 

Exams Origin In USA

As discussed above Henry A. Fischel discovered the notion of examination, however, China was the first country who adopted the idea of examination on the national level, and name it the Imperial examination.

Though some researchers believed, standardized evaluations were applied in US universities years before. During the early twentieth century, Henry was a religious professor at Indiana University, Numerous Ivy League universities styled themselves very heavily thereby adopting the culture of predecessors in Europe, so a concept of entrance exams was later introduced, Initially, these were ways of keeping asking the questions out of syllabus. Sooner as the class system dissipates in the USA Universities, much of the assessments have been looked forward to potentially disintegrated individuals on the basis of ranks eventually leading to the inclusion of psychometric examinations

Exams in China

According to the history of evidence, examination widely began to spread in Imperia China. In 605 AD, the Sui Dynasty introduced the Imperial Examination System, referred to as the Imperial review to select the students for certain government positions. These sorts of assessments let the official select the participants based on merits rather than dynasty. 

After China, England was the country to adopt the examination system in 1806, which was conducted to test the candidate’s eligibility to be a member of Her Majesty’s Civil Services. Later this tool was applied to the educational system and thus became popularly used by teachers to acknowledge the student’s knowledge and their gaining power during an academic session. Gradually the examination spread worldwide and was used extensively to distinguish different aspects of the education system.

History of Exams in India

During 313 BC The Kautilya Arthashastra that Chanakya or Vishnugupta wrote came into the picture to assess the student’s knowledge power. Historians disagreed with this fact since they believed Kautilya’s identity remained the same and aligned with Chanakya and Vishnugupta. The Kautilya Arthashastra was rarely and first known treaty established for public servant recruitment. 

In 1853, India became the first country that successfully introduced the examinations. Indian civil officers appointed in East India Company through examinations passing score and their nominations. IN 1853, the English Parliament again represented the nomination system, and from that point government, was chosen on the basis of competitive tests rather than race. In London, the test is held once in August, and being a part of the examination, Candidates have to pass horse riding. Following East India Business’s collapse, The Indian Civil Service examinations were stopped held until the advent of Early Nationalists. Moving onwards reforms were made through the establishment of the House of Commons resolution and the Public Service Commission (PSC).

Examination in British India

British government built an examination in India which is still applicable today. They replace previous Indian examinations in English Methods.

Earlier Gurukula’s method was prevalent when the students taught about gurus. However, from Sanskrit to metaphysics to mathematics, the people covered all the basic areas of knowledge and practiced them. 

Sixty years ago, the traditional gurukul system was destroyed by Britishers as they paid much attention to improving the educational system. Likewise, their dominance grew, and they began controlling monetary and governance, so it becomes necessary to educate Indians in English in order to get personal.

Since the 1900s, Indian have been pressed which leads to the British enabling formation of native exam boards. As a result of it, Calcutta University Commission was formed in 1917-1919, thus a state of the secondary board of education began to flourish. 

Exams Through Time

The concepts of tests and testing knowledge have been evolved gradually, today assessments referred to as holistic testing. Unlike traditional exams, holistic testing investigates overall pictures of knowledge acquirement. A lot of tests have been formulated and conducted in order to build strong and actual competency of the candidate. These shorter and longer forms of Multiple Choice questions (MCQs) are conducted not only in college but even in jobs and interviews to shortlist the candidates and point out the areas of improvement indeed required to benefit the professional and personal growth of students.